Molecular dynamics simulation and phase transitions of Tetrafluoromethane

Properties of material under extreme conditions, whether high pressures, high temperatures or low temperatures, are rather interesting. Understanding the properties of any given material at such extreme conditions provides a much clearer conception of the properties of this material in general. Although until recently studying the nature of matter under such extreme conditions was not possible via the traditional experimental or traditional methods, it was made possible by the utilization of computer simulation methods. Carbon tetrafluoride has been gaining wide interest in recent years due to its important role in the semiconductor processing industries. It is one of the most preferred etchants used today on a number of different silicon films. The importance of CF4 has resulted in a vast interest in studying the molecule under all possible conditions of pressure and temperature. The nature of CF4, it\u27s crystal structure and phase transitions was investigated from 0 K to 450 K and from 0 GPa to 35 GPa, using the Molecular Dynamics simulation technique. Keith Refson\u27s Moldy was the software we decided to use in our research. The results we were able to arrive at were compared with experimental findings and they were quite in agreement

Measurement of uric acid, urea and creatinine in plasma of hypertensive patients in Khartoum Sudan

This study is descriptive analytical cross sectional study, aimed to measure plasma uric acid, urea and creatinine levels in Sudanese hypertensive patients. Blood samples were collected from sixty patients with hypertension (study group) and twenty five samples from healthy, normotensive subjects (control group) from ribat university Hospital during the period from December 2017 to January 2018.Plasma levels of uric acid, urea and creatinine were measured in each group. Results showed that in hypertensive patients, the plasma uric acid mean level was (8.5_+1.6 mg/dl), urea mean level was (40 _+13.4mg/dl) and for creatinine (1.14_+0.28mg/dl) were significantly higher than normotensive. (P.value< 0.03), (p.value< 0.001) and (p.value<0.05) respectively. The study illustrated a moderately weak positive correlation between uric acid and systolic and diastolic measurements of hypertension patient to. (r=0.58, p.value 0.000). Renal function and uric acid should regularly measuredIn hypertensive patients especially in those with prolonged period of the diseas

The Predication of the Type of Jupiter Radio Storm from Two Different Iraqi Locations

A program in Visual Basic language was designed to predict the type of radio storm that emitted from Jupiter at specific Local Time (LT) from two different Iraqi locations (Baghdad and Basra), such storms result from the Central Meridian Longitude (CML) of system ??? for Jupiter and phase of Io’s satellite (?Io). Some of these storms are related to position of Io (Io- A,B,C,D) and others are unrelated (non-Io-A,B,C,D) to its position. The input parameters for this program were user specified by determining the observer’s location (longitude), year, month and day. The output program results in form of tables provides the observer with information about the date and the LT of beginning and end of each type of emitted storm. Two Io-storm ranges were used in this program according to the standard observations, one of them at year 2008 and the other one at 1976, the results according to year 2008 gave the observer more types of storms as compared with results that depending on 1976, these results indicated the type of storm is not changed for these two locations, but their LT was changed, because it depend on the location of the observer. The obtained results reveal a good agreement as compared with the results of (Radio Jove) software

The Effect of Personality on SMS Phishing Vulnerability

In the last decade, cybercrime has sought to bypass technical security in place by focusing in people. Recently more attention has been given to the security of mobile devices. However, very little research has investigated the human factors of mobile phishing. This thesis investigates human aspects in relation to SMS phishing. Based on our findings, we present recommendations and opportunities for research that will help the security community to better understand phishing attacks and educate mobile users against them. The first study reports the results of a qualitative investigation of what people think and feel about mobile security. The study presents this investigation temporally by means of a series of interviews performed sequentially in multiple stages. A variation was noted in the users' responses and a theory was developed to explain such variation. The study proposed a grounded theory that suggested that human security attitude is strongly influenced by their agreeableness, conscientiousness and extraversion personality traits. The developed theory suggested that this general behaviour is moderated by individuals’ knowledge and past error-in-judgement experiences. The theory was tested via three further studies (one lab study and two experimental studies). The results suggest that the personality traits Assertiveness and Extraversion affect humans’ phishing vulnerability. To the best of our knowledge, the three studies are the first empirical studies of the human aspects involved in SMS phishing. The thesis embraces both quantitative and qualitative analysis approaches. The quantitative analysis helped in isolating the personality traits Assertiveness and Extraversion while the qualitative analysis helped us understand how individuals reason about their behaviour

Three Dimensional Finite Element Optimization Using the Partial p-Adaptive Method for Stress Analysis of Underground Excavations with Prismatic Cross-sections

As the complexity and challenges in the field of geomechanics rise, reducing computational costs has become a major theme to be investigated. This thesis evaluates the p-adaptive mesh optimization method’s performance for problems in the 3D finite element stress analysis of underground excavations with prismatic cross-sections. The p-adaptivity changes the element formulation within the finite element mesh, based on the concept of excavation disturbed zone. The changes in element formulation require the use of transition elements to connect linear hexahedral finite elements with quadratic ones. The forthcoming research was conducted using sim|FEM (Zsaki 2010), a research computer code intended for excavation design, which solves 2D plane strain and 3D problems. It was written in C++ and its key feature is its capability to test models with transition elements, which is not found in other analysis software. The research project started with an overview of 3D element formulations, both normal and transitional, which were implemented in the code then simple, yet practical models were tested and the results were analyzed. For some models, the results were compared to commercial software to prove that a correct behavior of the elements tested was obtained. Finally, the p-adaptive method was developed for this class of excavations and it was applied to a linear elastic medium with two circular excavations in a triaxial stress field representing a practical scenario of perhaps a transportation tunnel with a service tunnel running beside it excavated in intact rock. Mesh optimized and non-optimized models were compared and the results showed that optimization results in a reduction of the global stiffness matrix size on average by 82 percent and a reduction of solution times by about 82 percent for optimized models tested using 12-node and 16-node transitional elements, respectively, as compared to non-optimized models

أزمة الفكر الفلسفي العربي وانعكاساتها على الواقع

تعود أزمة الفكر الفلسفي العربي اليوم إلى مجموعة من الأسباب التي جعلت ملامِحه ترتَسِم ضمن صورةٍ تتّسم بالغموض في توجّهاته، فتارةً نجده أسير الحضارة العربية الماضية التي مثّلت أوج ازدهار الفكر والفلسفة العربية، وتارةً يحاول اللحاق بما آل إليه الفكر العالمي المعاصر، وما يتم طرحه من موضوعات تؤثر وبشكل مباشر في الواقع وتزيد من فعاليّة المشروع الفكري. لذلك فإن هذا المقال يهدف إلى توضيح بعض ملامح تلك الأَزمة، وتبيان أنه لا بدّ للفكر العربي اليوم من حركة قويّة تتخطّى الانتكاسة التي يمرّ بها وتستعيد البوصلة الفكرية إلى ما كانت عليه وفق منهج واضح محدد المعالم

A randomized trial of brief treatment of earlystage Hodgkin lymphoma: Is it effective?

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVESWhether it is possible to reduce the intensity of treatment in early (stage I or II) Hodgkin lymphoma with a favorable prognosis remains unclear. Therefore, we conducted this randomized trial, comparing two treatment groups consisting of a combination chemotherapy regimen of two different intensities followed by involved-field radiation therapy at two different dose levels.DESIGN AND SETTINGProspective, randomized, in patients referred to the Department of Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine.PATIENTS AND METHODSNinety-eight patients with histologically proven early-stage Hodgkin lymphoma with a favorable prognosis were enrolled in this study between January 2008 and June 2010. They were randomly assigned in one of two treatment arms: arm I received four cycles of ABVD (Adriamycin, belomycin, vinblastine, dacarbazine) followed by 30Gy of involved-field radiation therapy; arm II received two cycles of ABVD followed by 20Gy of involved-field radiation therapy.RESULTSDuring the follow-up period, the 2-year relapse free survival rates were 96% and 95% in arm I and arm II, respectively(P=.8), while the 2-year overall survival rates were 98% and 95% in arm I and arm II, respectively (P=.16). Acute toxicity affected 54% of patients treated with four cycles of ABVD, who had grade III or IV toxicity, as compared with 30% of those receiving two cycles (P<.02). The rates of acute toxicity (grade III or IV) were also higher among patients treated with 30Gy of involved-field radiation therapy than among those receiving 20Gy (16% vs. 2.5%, P<.03).CONCLUSIONIn patients with early-stage Hodgkin lymphoma and a favorable prognosis, treatment with two cycles of ABVD followed by 20Gy of involved-field radiation therapy was as effective as, and less toxic than, four cycles of ABVD followed by 30Gy of involved-field radiation therapy

Quality of life and physical functioning of the diabetic middle aged and older adults

Objective: To compare the physical functioning and quality of life for the diabetic middle aged and older adults.Methodology: A descriptive study design was used, the study was conducted at the outpatient clinics of two hospitals in Alexandria, Egypt. A total number of 118 diabetic patients diagnosed with diabetes at least for one year, aged 20-59 for the middle aged adults group & ≥60 for the elderly group, had no current physical disabilities or mental impairments were included. Four measures were used in this study; the socio-demographic and clinical data structured interview questionnaire, the Katz Activities of Daily Living (ADL) Scale, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short version (IPAQ), and the Short Form 36 General Health questionnaire (SF-36).Results: A statistical difference was observed between the two groups in all domains of generic health related quality of life except role limitations due to emotional problems, and social functioning. Adults' group with normal fasting blood sugar test had better quality of life and physical functioning than the elderly group.Conclusion& recommendations: The elderly patients with diabetes had poorer quality of life and functional status in comparison with the adults. These findings suggest that, health education programs that stress a balanced diet and increased activity should be a public health priority for all ages to control diabetes mellitus and its complications

Analytical Study for the Charge-Transfer Complexes of Risperidone in Pure and Dosage Forms

Two simple, accurate and sensitive spectrophotometric methods were carried out to investigate through charge-transfer reactions of risperidone (RIS) as n-electron donor with various π acceptors: 7, 7, 8, 8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) and p-chloranilic acid (pCA). The absorbance of reaction product was measured at 842 and 520 nm for TCNQ and pCA reagents respectively. Different experimental parameters affecting the reactions were carefully studied. The reaction pathway was postulated. The proposed spectrophotometric method was utilized for the analysis of RIS in pure form as well as in its pharmaceutical preparations. Under the optimum reaction conditions, Beer’s law is obeyed over the concentration range of 1-12 µg mL-1 and 10-180 µg mL-1 for TCNQ and pCA respectively. The limit of assays detection (LOD) is 0.114 µg mL-1 and 2.55 µg mL-1 for TCNQ and pCA respectively. The mean recovery percentage was 99.72 ± 1.06 and 100.50 ± 1.07 for TCNQ and pCA respectively. The results were compared favorably with those obtained by comparison method. The proposed method was validated statistically according to ICH guidelines